Overview (CPI Peg & Mechanics)
A novel stablecoin pegged to a basket of consumer goods
Last updated
A novel stablecoin pegged to a basket of consumer goods
Last updated
The Frax Price Index (FPI) is the second stablecoin of the Frax Finance ecosystem. FPI is the first stablecoin pegged to a basket of real-world consumer items as defined by the US CPI-U average. The FPI stablecoin is intended to keep its price constant to the price of all items within the CPI basket and thus hold its purchasing power with on-chain stability mechanisms. Like the FRAX stablecoin, all FPI assets and market operations are on-chain and use AMO contracts.
⚠️ FPIS is set to be phased out by March 22, 2028 and convertible thereafter to FXS ⚠️
The Frax Price Index Share (FPIS) token is the governance token of the system, which is also entitled to seigniorage from the protocol. Excess yield will be directed from the treasury to FPIS holders, similar to the FXS structure. During times in which the FPI treasury does not create enough yield to maintain the increased backing per FPI due to inflation, new FPIS may be minted and sold to increase the treasury. Since the protocol is launched from within the Frax ecosystem, the FPIS token will also direct a variable part of its revenue to FXS holders.
FPI uses the CPI-U unadjusted 12 month inflation rate reported by the US Federal Government: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.nr0.htm. The $1 start date was based on the December 2021 CPI-U result. Thus, the FPI market price after that date should track the same purchasing power of Dec 2021. For example, on October 4 2024, FPI's market price was approximately $1.11. That means that it takes about $1.11 of October 4 2024 US Dollars to purchase something that used to cost $1 in December of 2021 (~3.5-4% inflation per year).
A specialized Chainlink oracle commits this data on-chain immediately after it is publicly released. The oracle's reported inflation rate is then applied to the redemption price of FPI stablecoins in the system contract. This redemption price grows per second on-chain (or declines in rare cases of deflation). The peg calculation rate is updated once every 30 days when bls.gov releases their monthly CPI price data. The contract handling the FPI peg price targeting is the CPI Tracker Oracle. Thus, the FPI peg tracks the above 12 month inflation rate and pegs to it at all times from the FPI redemption contract. When buying FPI stablecoins for another asset (such as ETH) the trader is taking the position that CPI purchasing power is growing faster over time than the sold ETH. If selling FPI for ETH, then the trader is taking the position that ETH growth is outpacing the CPI inflation rate of the US Dollar.
FPI aims to be the first on-chain stablecoin to have its own unit of account derived from a basket of goods, both crypto and non-crypto. While FPI can be considered an inflation resistant yield asset, its primary motivation is to create a new stablecoin to denominate transactions, value, and debt. Denominating DAO treasuries and measuring revenue in FPI as well as benchmarking performance against an FPI trading pair helps better gauge if value accrual is actively growing against inflation in real terms. It also helps ground on-chain economics to baskets of real world assets. At first, the treasury will be comprised solely of $FRAX, but will expand to include other crypto-native assets such as bridged BTC, ETH, and non-crypto consumer goods and services.
FPI uses the same type of AMOs as the FRAX stablecoin however it is modeled to keep a 100% collateral ratio (CR) at all times. This means that for the collateral ratio to stay at 100% the protocol balance sheet must be growing at least at the rate of CPI inflation. Thus, AMO strategy contracts must earn a yield proportional to CPI otherwise the CR will decrease to below 100%. During times that AMO yield is under the CPI rate, a TWAMM AMO will sell FPIS tokens for FRAX stablecoins to keep the CR at 100% at all times. The FPIS TWAMMs will be removed when the CR returns to 100%.
Minting of FPI (using FRAX) and redeeming FPI (to receive FRAX) can be done at any time for a small fee using the FPI Controller Pool. Users can also buy/sell FPI in various markets such as Curve or Fraxswap.
FPI Controller Pool: 0x2397321b301B80A1C0911d6f9ED4b6033d43cF51
The FPI Comptroller multisig collects/deposits surplus/deficit FRAX from the FPI Controller Pool and is the owner of FPI-related contracts. It also invests in various income streams like Curve/Convex farms and uses the proceeds to help add backing to the FPI peg.
FPI Comptroller Multisig: 0x6A7efa964Cf6D9Ab3BC3c47eBdDB853A8853C502
